Joaquin torres garcia biography of abraham lincoln

Spanish Uruguayan artist (–)

Joaquín Torres García
Torres-García at nobleness Sagrada Família in Barcelona coop up
Born	Joaquín Torres Garcia ()28 July Montevideo, Uruguay
Died	8 August () (aged&#;75) Montevideo, Uruguay
Nationality
Education	Escuela Oficial de Bellas Artes Barcelona
Known&#;for	Painting, sculpture, writing, teaching, illustration
Movement	Modern illustration, noucentisme, constructivism, universal constructivism
Spouse
Children	4
Website

In that article, the surname is Torres-Garcia.

Joaquín Torres-García (28 July – 8 August ) was trig prominent Uruguayan-Spanish artist, theorist, essential author, renowned for his supranational impact in the modern skilfulness world.

Born in Montevideo, Uruguay, his family moved to Dominion, Spain, where his artistic trip began. His career spanned assorted countries including Spain, New Royalty, Italy, France, and Uruguay. Spick founder of art schools promote groups, he notably established justness first European abstract-art group, Cercle et Carré (Circle and Square), in Paris in which play a part Piet Mondrian and Kandinsky.

Torres-García's legacy is deeply rooted involved his development of Modern Classicalism and Universal Constructivism.

Biography

Joaquín Torres-García was born on July 28, , in Montevideo, Uruguay, boss bustling port city amidst excellence South American Pampas. He was the eldest child of Joaquim Torras Fradera, an immigrant liberate yourself from Mataró, Spain, and María García Pérez.

His early years were spent in Almacen de Joaquín Torres, his father's general administrative center. ^[1] "The picturesque store crazy in the old Square recognize the Wagons, the arrival neglect of the raw material sign over the country for export require Europe. The colonial Montevideo confidential a port, trains, and trim vibrant population dotted with great gauchos wrapped in capes make contact with whip ready in hand."^[2] "Much of his early education squeeze that predominantly agricultural society came from his observation of primacy things around him&#; "^[3]

In , Torres-García's father moved the parentage back to Spain, where Torres-Garcia and his siblings acquired Nation citizenship.^[4] Torres-García studied with a-one local painter, and soon showed an aptitude for art.

Just as the family moved to City, he enrolled in the Academy of Fine Arts in Metropolis (Escuela de Bellas Artes condemnation Barcelona), the Baixas Academy (Academia Baixas) and the Saint Lluc Artists Circle.^[5] "Torres-García and Sculptor were contemporaries. Both began their artistic lives in modern Barcelona&#; whose privileged epicenter was honourableness cafe Els Quatre Gats&#;"^[6] Classmates included Ricard Canals, Manolo Hugue, Joaquim Mir, Isidre Nonell, Pablo Picasso, and Julio Gonzalez.

Torres-García contributed his drawings to class principal newspapers and magazines reproduce the time: La Vanguardia, Iris, Barcelona Cómica and La Saeta. In , Torres-García experienced loftiness loss of his father.

Torres-García's first significant success came become infected with his solo exhibition at rank Salon La Vanguardia Gallery.

Miguel Utrillo penned a review privileged 'Joaquin Torres-Garcia, Decorator,' which was featured in Pèl i Ploma. Accompanying the review were marvellous portrait of Torres-García by Ramon Casas, photographs of several many Torres-Garcia paintings, including one time off the magazine's cover, and top first article, 'Impressions'.^[7]

In , Antoni Gaudí commissioned Torres-García to bring into being stained-glass windows for the Palma Cathedral.

This project, spanning be bereaved to , became a horizontal event in his career. Torres-García worked on the Cathedral collide Palma de Majorca, a Country Gothic masterpiece, crafting the side stained-glass windows and the mini rose window in the apsis. His interpretation of Marian notation – the sun, the slug, the star, the well, loftiness garden, the tower, the house of worship – were themes he revisited throughout his career.

Following that, Torres-García received numerous commissions take care of murals, including work for decency Church of San Agustin, grandeur Church of the Divina Pastora, and the Torre del Campanar house.

Eugenio d'Ors, the mastermind of the term Noucentisme, deathless the works of Torres-García displayed at the Sala Parés curb He wrote a text transfer Torres-García's exhibition at the Galeries Dalmau in and often account his work in 'La Munro Plantada,' a book epitomizing ethics noucentisme movement.

However, Torres-García sincere not align himself with D'Ors' views. His divergence was clear in two texts he available before the emergence of noucentisme around "Augusta et Augusta" () and "La nostra ordinacio Uproarious el nostre cami" (). Pointed classicism, Torres-García sought a belief for order, a language, submit a cultural reference point depart would enable him to surpass realism and develop Catalan crumble on a universal scale.

Significant eventually distanced himself from noucentista artists like Sunyer, Canals, Aragay, and D'Ors.

In , Torres-García began his teaching career skull soon became involved with description experimental school Colegio Mont d'Or, founded by his friend at an earlier time progressive educator Joan Palau Vera.

Breaking away from the habitual academic methods of the securely, Colegio Mont d'Or eschewed conventional copy exercises from casts, pursue, or books. Instead, drawing tutor were grounded in direct examination of reality, using common house objects, leaves, fruits, fish, floret, and animals. This approach place the groundwork for the locution of his Universal Constructivism, rising as a progressive pedagogical draw on.

Torres-García married the Spanish-Uruguayan artist Manolita Piña i Rubíes hoard ^[8] She would go pus to found the Museo Torres García.^[9] The couple had quadruplet children who were also stiff artists, two girls named Olimpia Torres and Ifigenia and match up boys named Augusto Torres promote Horacio Torres&#;[es].^[10]

Torres-García journeyed to Brussels to undertake a painting layout for a pavilion at blue blood the gentry Brussels International World Fair.

Multitude this, he spent an considerable period in Paris, where inaccuracy reconnected with friends and explored numerous museums and galleries. Significant this time, elements of cubism began to appear in surmount work, aligning with the theories presented in "Du Cubisme," publicized in This influence was discoverable in his art showcased go ashore the Paris exhibition, organized from end to end of the Section d'Or.

Additionally, empress first visit to Italy wallet Switzerland introduced him to dignity principles of futurism.

In , Torres-García showcased his painting 'Philosophy X Musa' at the 6th International Exhibition of Art infiltrate Barcelona, subsequently donating it interrupt the Institut d'Estudis Catalans.

On account of its debut, this work has been consistently recognized by historians as a foundational piece unknot noucentisme. Later, Torres-García created expert second version of this work of art, which is now housed put it to somebody the collection of the Reina Sofia Museum in Madrid.

In , two exhibitions were taken aloof at the Galeries Dalmau: Torres-García (works from his Noucentista period) and Pablo Picasso, with drawings from his Blue Period (February - March ).^[11][12][13] Torres-García publicised his first book, Notes sobre Art (Notes on Art), outline May In the introduction, significant wrote: "Aquestes curtes notes poden tenir interès, demes, per anar estretament lligades, com quelcom turnoff viu, a tot o frame of mind arrencant de la nostra tradició, en el pensament i authority la realitat, tendeix a formar el ver Renaixement e Catalunya" ("These short essays may carbon copy of interest also because they are closely related to, headland that is alive, sprung cheat our tradition, in thought paramount in reality, to form rank true Renaissance of Catalonia").

Torres-García then founded the Escuela objective Decoración (School of Decoration/Decorative Arts) in Sarrià. "Prat de custom Riba (president of the Council) had then his newly formulated conception of Catalan nationalism, stake sees in the Mediterranean folklore proposed a positive content make a choice the national profile, rich lay hands on spiritual substance."^[14]

Prat de la Riba commissioned Torres-García frescoes for excellence atrium of the Municipal Country estate of Barcelona, a 15th-century Affair of the heart palace and seat of regulation in Catalonia.^[15] During the close five years, he painted two large frescoes and studies chaste another two.

The paintings became the new symbol of rank Catalonia noucentista.^[16] "In one leave undone the frescoes&#; Torres-Garcia represented top-hole gigantic Pan-god with a recite from Goethe's 'Faust' at feet: 'The temporal is lone a symbol'. 'That is picture key to all the poetics of Torres-García, the will obviate surrender to the ephemeral get your skates on order to reach eternity,' explained Llorens.

For Torres-García, classicism was the door of a restitution future, not a brake famine modernity."^[17] Torres-García used iconostatic paper for pagan subjects adapted be obliged to modern themes, demonstrating that classicalism is not unique to dignity Greeks. He painted the pulse of a structure, as no problem described in "El Descubrimiento group si mismo" and "Evolucionista" (both published in ).

Torres-García subsequent used the same composition hole his constructivist works.

K&r narayanan biography

He designed, bod, and decorated his home sediment Tarrasa ("Mon Repos") with frescoes, and invited friends and lecture to a housewarming party.^[18]

In , "Torres-García can be seen inquiring the grid structure,' on class one hand as an innate characteristic of a modern gen and on the other hoot a form to explore excellence symbolic potential of everyday motifs.

He also explored the doable for language within images, chimp in the –17 drawing 'Descubrimiento de si mismo (Discovery acquisition Oneself)."^[19] He presented an sunlit at Galeries Dalmau of "Joguines d'Art (Artistic Toys)": "The toys teach children which are high-mindedness correct colors, the correct forms. Each toy is a build, a color that mixes accost other shapes and colors be first finally becomes a whole: calligraphic dog, a car, a conurbation.

The toys guide future generations to acquire a natural eye."^[20]

In , Torres-García visited the Common States: "He determined to meticulous the pulse of the sterling and most modern of cities, New York."^[1] "Despite being individual of the most important artists of the moment, Torres García did not lull, and observe he went to New Dynasty to continue exploring what they called modernity and began coinage cling to the ephemeral impressive temporal, what he drew bed the city of skyscrapers connects with what John Dos Passos reflected in Manhattan Transfer."^[21]

Torres-García visited Paris for a second gaining with thirty-two crates of paintings after an encounter with consummate friend Picasso, who advised him to remain there: "Do whine to go to America, as it will be like jumping into a void".

His job evolved from classicism to Cubism, as Picasso's work did goodness reverse.^[22] Wanting to experience great modern city, Torres-García traveled know New York with the purpose of staying for two age. He lived in Manhattan: extreme on 49th Street, then other self 14th Street and finally endorse West 29th Street.

Torres-García extended his series of sketchbooks round the cities he visited, in a brown study the city's movement and heavens. He painted a series corporeal portraits, including one of Carpenter Stella. Torres-García depicted Broadway's representation and people. He exhibited put the lid on the Whitney Studio gallery^[23] captivated the Society of Independent Artists with Stuart Davis and Stanisław Szukalski in , describing sovereign work as "expressionistic and nonrepresentational at the same time, tell off very dynamic".^[24]

Torres-García returned to Italia that year, developing his outstanding and evolutionistic works.

Spain illegal the Catalan language, including tiara writings. During this period, Torres-García's mother died. He settled lecture in Villefranche-sur-Mer in , and difficult to understand another solo exhibition at Galeries Dalmau in Barcelona the pursuing year.^[25]

Torres-García returned to Paris diplomat the third time in ,^[22][26] and was a key energiser of the interwar abstract repositioning over the next six years.^[27] He exhibited 34 works, boss series of large, classical nudes, and paintings from New Royalty at the Galerie A.

Flossy. Fabre. "Forty works make snitch this presentation of Torres-Garcia prime exhibit here at Galerie Fabre: frescoes, fragments of large murals, assembled architectural maquettes, still discrimination or figures&#; They show nobility artist under different aspects manifesting all the fiery wealth contemporary complex diversity. Some urban landscapes will give an idea take away the passage of Torres-Garcia stomach-turning New York were a fervent spectacle of the business urban district captivated some time his esthetic inquietude in search of cast down rhythm.

Although he has feigned a major role in position development of the Mediterranean grammar, Garcia is bent with specified a force towards his private inclination he has always thoroughly away from the prejudices handle isms (schools) that might border his personal growth."^[28] "However, dampen returning to the Classicism past it his early work he prefabricated it clear that this was not an artistic language filth had sought to vanquish confirmation abstraction".^[19] Torres-García was part shambles a May group show go out with Stanislaw Eleszkievicz and Runser file the Galerie d'art du Montparnasse, and had a solo offer of paintings at the Galerie Carmine from 16 to 30 June ^[29]

He had a individual exhibition at the Galerie Zak in December , and was part of a group talk about at the Galerie des Editions Bonaparte with John Graham, Kakabadze, Tutundjian, and Vantongerloo in Reverenced Torres-García then had another unescorted exhibition at the Galerie Red.

As a correspondent for magnanimity Catalan literary magazine Mirador put your feet up wrote a series of style on painters, including an ask with Georges Braque. "But pretend Mondrian wanted to explore currency by a single path, without fear (Torres-García) wanted to get nominate the bottom by two paths at the same time, aboriginal from reason but not prohibition intuition".^[21]

Constructivism to Torres-García was authority same as neoplasticism just adroit label.

What mattered was creating a new image a in mint condition language within a traditional composition,^[30] in which he balanced portrait and abstraction with signs.^[30] Take steps had two solo exhibitions house at the Galerie Jeanne Bucher and the Galerie Percier, deliver a group show in Oct of that year at position Galerie Georges Petit with Sculptor, Ozenfant, Max Ernst, Miro, tolerate Salvador Dalí.^[31] The following vintage, Torres-García presented a solo provide of paintings and sculptures enjoy the Galerie Pierre.

"The attachment between van Doesburg and Torres-Garcia will create the foundations possession the three most important movements to promote abstract art: "Cercle et Carre" (–), "Art Concret" (); and "Abstraction-Creation"(–)."^[27] He supported the magazine Cercle et Carre with van Doesburg, and compact a group of 80 artists.^[2] Torres-García left for the Territory of Madrid and finished honourableness manuscript of Arte Constructivo, which was published in under justness name of "Estructura" and besotted to his friend Piet Abstractionist.

He returned to Montevideo live in April for the first sicken since childhood. In August adequate that year, Torres-García exhibited paintings, sculptures and the work beat somebody to it the Cercle et Carre agree and reedited the magazine bring in Circulo y Cuadrado.^[22] He publicised Historia de mi vida (Story of My Life) an autobiographic novel, in Two years afterward, Torres-García began work on interpretation pink-granite Monumento Cosmico, a purveyor work from this period.^[22]

Torres-García proclaimed the closing of the Set of contacts of Constructive Arte school hold the last of lectures settle down gave between and In , he published Ciudad sin Nombre (A City With No Name).

Torres-García presented a solo flaunt at the Society of Architects of Uruguay in November claim that year. In July , he received a visit cheat Committee of Inter-American Relations ranger Lincoln Kirstein and Nelson Dexterous. Rockefeller.^[22] Torres-García founded the Taller Torres Garcia, similar to greatness European Bauhaus, two years later; the school included future artists Olga Piria, Gonzalo Fonseca, José Gurvich, Alceu Ribeiro, Julio Alpuy, Raquel Orzuj, Lily Salvo skull his sons, Horacio and Augusto.

Torres-García returned to the motherliness theme from his Barcelona picture that year, creating a picture for the Sindicato Médico depict Uruguay; he also painted vii monumental mural frescoes for character Hospital Saint Bois tuberculosis polyclinic. Torres-García died on 8 Venerable while preparing two exhibitions: unified at the Sidney Janis Audience in New York and do violence to at the Pan American Singleness in Washington.

He died designate a heart attack.

Influences dominant legacy

Influenced by European, North English and South American modern art,^[32] his work evolved into exceptional more abstract structure; Picasso, vii years younger, was a follower.^[32]Joan Miró was a student conduct operations Torres-García in Barcelona who incontrovertible his teacher's influence,^[26][33] and Torres-García's constructive paintings influenced the development of Latin American geometric abstraction.^[34]

Works

Mon Repos frescoes

Frescoes Torres-Garcia coined in in his home etiquette in the surrounding suburbs flaxen Barcelona.

Palau de la Generalitat ()

The Joaquín Torres-García Hall interpose the Palace of the Generalitat of Catalonia houses the frescoes painted by the artist go back to the walls of Salon Affable Jordi from to , endorsed by President of the Meeting and the Commonwealth of Territory Enric Prat de la Riba.

Torres-García worked on the cheeriness mural for 13 days, seem to be on 28 July , at an earlier time it was unveiled on 13 September of that year.^[1] Honourableness four completed frescoes are indulged La Catalunya Eterna (Catalunya Eternal), L'Etat d'Or (The Golden Age), Les Muses (The Muses) careful Lo temporal no es mes que simbol (The Temporal task Nothing But a Symbol).

Goodness murals were hidden from resemble ^[4]

Paintings (–)

• América Invertida

• Poemes en ondes hertzianes

• Linòleum

• Bodegom

• Passeig

• Interior-Salvat

• Paisaje de ciudad

• Interior

• Paisaje de playa

• Figuras

• Pintura

• Pintura constructiva 5

• Figuras sobre uma estrutura ()

• Contraste

• Pintura constructiva 2

• Arte universal

• Arte constructivo

Monumento Cosmico ()

Selected writings

• Augusta et Augusta, Barcelona, Universitat Catalana,
• Dibujo educativo en el colegio Mont D'Or, Barcelona,
• Notes sobre Art, Port,
• Diàlegs,
• Descubrimiento de sí mismo,
• Consells als artistes, Barcelona, Pass up enemic del poble,
• Em digué tot aixó, Barcelona, La Revista,
• D'altra orbita, Barcelona, Un enemic del poble,
• Devem Caminar, Metropolis, Un enemic del poble,
• Art-Evolució, Barcelona, Un enemic del poble,
• El Públic i les noves tendéncies d'art, Barcelona, Velli nou,
• Plasticisme, Barcelona, Un Enemic draw poble,
• Natura i Art, Metropolis, Un Enemic del poble,
• L'Art en relació al home etern i l'home que passa, Sitges, Imprenta El eco de Sitges.

• La Regeneració de si mateix, Barcelona, Salvat Papasseit Editor,
• Poemes en ondes hertzianes, (illustrator)
• Foi, París,
• Ce que je sais, fair ce que je fais expected moi-même, Losones, Suiza,
• Pére soleil, París, Fundación Torres García,
• Raison et nature, Ediciones Imán, París,
• Estructura, Montevideo,
• De la tradición andina: Arte precolombino, Montevideo, Círculo y cuadrado,
• Manifiesto 2: Constructivo &#;%, Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• La tradición del cat abstracto (Doctrina constructivista).

  Montevideo,

• Historia de mi vida. Montevideo,
• Metafísica de la prehistoria indoamericana, Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• Manifiesto 3, Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• La ciudad sin nombre. Montevideo, Uruguay, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• Universalismo Constructivo, Montevideo,
• Con respecto a una futura creación literaria y dos poemas, Composition 1 y Divertimento 11, Montevideo, Revista Arturo,
• La decoración frieze del pabellón Martirené de intend colonia Saint Bois.

  Montevideo, Gráficas Sur,

• En defensa de las expressiones modernas del arte, Montevideo,
• Nueva escuela de arte show off Uruguay. Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• La regla abstracta. Montevideo, Asociación de Arte Constructivo,
• Mística de la pintura, Montevideo,
• Lo aparente y lo concreto categorical el arte, Montevideo,
• La recuperación del objeto, Montevideo,

Selected paintings

Major exhibitions

• April 12 - June 29, , The Worlds of Joaquín Torres-Garcia, Acquavella Galleries, New York.
• 25 October &#;– 15 February , Joaquín Torres-García: the Arcadian pristine, Museum of Modern Art, Newborn York
• 29 December &#;– 2 Amble , Art & Textiles: material as material and concept security modern art from Klimt foul the present, Kunstmuseum Wolfsburg, Germany
• 22 Apr – 30 Jun , From Picasso to Barceló: Nation Sculpture of the 20th Hundred, National Art Museum of China
• 16 May – 11 September , Torres-García a les seves cruïlles (Torres-García at his Crossroads), Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya (MNAC), Barcelona
• 27 March , Trazos top Nueva York, Museo Torres-Garcia, Montevideo
• December, - April , Torres García a Vieira da Silva, –, IVAM, Valencia, Museu Colecção Berardo, Portugal
• 8 October &#;– 15 Feb , Le feu sous carpeting cendres&#;: de Picasso à Basquiat, Fondation Dina Vierny-Musée Maillol, Paris
• 7 October &#;– 19 February , Obras maestras del siglo XX en las colecciones del IVAM, Valencia
• 25 November &#;– 11 Apr , Torres-Garcia, Museu Picasso, Barcelona
• , Jean-Michel Basquiat-Gaston Chaissac-Jean Dubuffet-Joaquin Torres-Garcia, Jan Krugier Gallery, New York
• September , From Puvis De Chavannes to Matisse and Picasso&#;: Come within reach of Modern Art, Palazzo Grassi, Venice
• 24 May – 8 September , Joaquin Torres-Garcia&#;: un monde construit&#;: Musée d'art moderne et contemporain, Strasbourg
• 31 May – 23 Lordly Joaquin Torres-Garcia en Theo vehivle Doesburg, The Stedelijk Museum, Amsterdam

Bibliography

• Joaquim Torres i García; Estherde Cáceres, Carmelo de Arzadum, Alfredo Cáceres, Pablo Purriel, Juan R.

  Menchaca, i Guido Castillo, the embellishment mural of the Martirené spectator area of the colony Saint Bois. Murals paintings of pavilion J.J. Martirené Hospital of the domain Saint Bois. South graphs. Montevideo,

• Claude Schaefer, Joaquin Torres García. Ed. Poseidón. Library Argentina bare Arte.

  Buenos Aires,

• Josep Francesc Ràfols, Biographical Dictionary of artists of Catalonia. Torres-Garcia, Joaquin, Notebook III, p.&#; Barcelona, Milà,
• Daniel Robbins, Joaquin Torrers-Garcia, –. Wellknown. by Museum of Art Rhode Island School of Design. God`s will, ISBN&#;
• Enric Jardí, Torres García.

  File Polígrafa, S. A., Balmes, 54 – , Barcelona, ISBN&#;

• Jacques Lassaigne, Ángel Kalenberg, Maria Helena Vieira da Silva, Michel Seuphor, Denim Hélion, Torres-Garcia. Construction et Characters. Published by the Museum commuter boat Modern Art of Villa curiosity Paris. Catalogue of the agricultural show made between June and Reverenced Paris,
• Jacques Lassaigne, Torres-Garcia.

  Entireness destroyed in the fire tactic the museum of modern fuss of Rio de Janeiro, Obtainable by the Torres Foundation Garci'a. Montevideo, Uruguay.

• Margit Rowell, Theo van Doesburg, Joaquín Torres-García, Torres Garcia Structure. Paris-Montevideo – Destine a chop up by Foundation Joan Miró. Separate of the exhibition in depiction Fundació Joan Miró, Parc flock Montjuic in March Barcelona,
• Ángel Kalenberg, Seis Maestros De Possibility Pintura Uruguaya: Juan Manuel Blanes, Carlos Federico Saez, Pedro Figari, Joaquin Torres García, Rafael Barradas y José Cúneo.

  Edited wishywashy Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de Buenos Aires. Catálogo drive down la exposición realizada entre Septiembre y Octubre de Avda. show Libertador, Buenos Aires, Montevideo,

• Alicia Haber, Joaquin Torres Garci'a. Infinite Catalonia. Sketches and drawings stretch the fresh airs of primacy Delegation of Barcelona.

  Edited fail to see Foundation Torres García. Montevideo,

• María Jesús García Puig, Joaquin Torres Garcia and the Constructive Universalismo: The education of the center of attention in Uruguay. Editions of Latino culture. Collection Art. Madrid, ISBN&#;X
• Jorge Castle, Nicolette Gast, Eduardo Lipschutz-Villa, and Sebastián López, The negative Link.

  Joaquin Torres Garcia-Theo forerunner Doesburg. Published by Institute have a high opinion of Contemporary Art. Ámsterdam,

• Pilar Garcia-Sedas, Joaquin Torres the Striped Garcias and Rafael. Dialeg escrit: – Publicacions of l' Abbey virtuous Montserrat. Barcelona, ISBN&#;
• Joan Sureda Pons, Narcís [Narciso], Comadira and Mercedes Doñate, Torres Garcia: Pintures exchange Mon Repos, Published by representation Museum of modern Art constantly the Museum of Art love Catalunya and the Caixa contribution Terrassa.

  I catalogue of glory exhibition that place in birth museum of modern art sharing the MNAC took, and grip the Cultural Foundation of representation Caixa of Terrassa. Barcelona, Jan

• Pilar García-Sedas, Joaquim Torres Garcia. Epistolari Català: – Curial Edicions Catalan. Publicacions of l' Priory of Montserrat, Barcelona, ISBN&#;
• Joan Sureda Pons, Torres Garcia.

  Classic pastime. Akal editions/contemporary Art. Number 5. Madrid, ISBN&#;

• Carlos Pérez, Pilar Garcia-Sedas, Mario H. Gradowczyk and Emilio Ellena, Aladdin Toys. Them joguines of Torres Garcia. Published hunk the IVAM. I catalogue carp the exhibition that took substitution in the Valencian Institute thoroughgoing Modern Art in September
• Miguel Angel Battegazzore, the plot increase in intensity the signs, Impresora Gordon, S.A.

  Av. General Rondeau , Montevideo,

• Gabriel Peluffo Linari, History racket the Uruguayan painting. Editions jump at Eastern band limited liability companionship. Gaboto Montevideo Uruguay, imaginary Tomo the 1 National-regional (–) put on the back burner Blanes to Figari Tomo 2 Between localismo and universalismo: Representations of modernity (–).
• Michael Peppiatt, Jean-Michel Basquiat - Gaston Chaissac - Jean Dubuffet - Joaquin Torres-Garcia, New York, catalogue of goodness exhibition that took place cloudless Jan Krugier Gallery,
• Tomàs Llorens, Emmanuel Guigon, -Garcia Un monde construit, Hazan, Strasbourg, , arrange of the exhibition that took place in Musée d'Art Modern et Contemporain de Strasbourg, 24 May to September ISBN&#;X
• Tomàs Llorens, Emmanuel Guigon, Juan José Lahuerta, J.

  Torres-Garcia, Editorial Ausa bent Institut de Cultura de City, Barcelona, , catalogue of justness exhibition that took place give back Museo Picasso de Barcelona, 25 November to 11 April ISBN&#;

• Nicolás Arocena Armas, Eric Corne, Marina Bairrão, Emmanuel Guigon, Domitille D'Orgeval, La ituicion y la Estructura, Lisboa, Museo Coleccao Berardo, ISBN&#;
• Tomás Llorens, Nicolás Arocena Armas, Torres-Garcia a les seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia speed sus encrucijadas.

  Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

• Llorens, Tomas. Arocena Armas, Nicolas, -Garcia, New York, Joaquin Torres-Garcia Narrative, Notes

References

• Arocena Armas, Nicolas. Torres-Garcia- Pythagoras- Plato A Geometric Dialogue, hand down the Eye of the Lettering, Lisboa, Museo Coleccao Berardo,
• Arocena Armas, Nicolas.

  Biography. Torres-Garcia a-ok les seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia en sus encrucijadas. Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya

• Llorens, -Garcia a les seves cruilles-Torres-Garcia make somebody look like a fool sus encrucijadas. Barcelona, Spain: Museu Nacional d'Art de Catalunya
• Llorens, Tomas.

  -Garcia, New York, Joaquin Torres-Garcia Archive,

• Llorens, Tomas. Torres-Garcia. Editorial Ausa,
• Robbins, Daniel. Joaquin Torres-Garcia – Providence, Museum racket Art Rhode Island School strain Design,
• Rafols, F. Josep, Torres-Garcia, Barcelano,
• Schaefer, Claude. Joaquin Torres-Garcia.

  Buenos Aires, Editorial Poseidon,

• Sureda Pons, Joan. Torres-Garcia, Pasion Clasica. Madrid, Ediciones Akal,
• Surio, Dario. Torres-Garcia. Rose Fried Gallery, Newfound York,
• Torres-Garcia, Joaquin. Historia story mi vida. Montevideo, Ediciones Asociacion Arte Constructivo,

External links