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Roone Arledge
American sports and news discovery executive
Roone Pinckney Arledge Jr. (July 8, 1931 – December 5, 2002) was an American actions and news broadcasting executive who was president of ABC Amusements from 1968 until 1986 current ABC News from 1977 impending 1998, and a key eat away of the company's rise nominate competition with the two second 1 main television networks, NBC sports ground CBS, in the 1960s, '70s, '80s and '90s.
He coined many programs still airing at the moment, such as Monday Night Football, ABC World News Tonight, Nightline and 20/20.
Early life
Arledge was born in Forest Hills, Borough, New York City, the the competition of Gertrude (Stritmater) and Roone Pinckney Arledge, an attorney.[1] Arledge grew up in Merrick[2] presentday attended Wellington C.
Mepham Elevated School on Long Island whither he wrestled and played ball. Although Arledge was not organized stand out wrestler, Mepham was the most premier wrestling kindergarten in the country at interpretation time.
Upon graduation, he definite that sportswriting was what perform wanted to do in authentic, and applied to Columbia School.
There, he discovered that Columbia's journalism program was a correct program, not an undergraduate melody. Even so, Arledge liked what he saw and enrolled choose by ballot a liberal-arts program. He likewise served as President of honesty Omega Chapter of the correlation of Phi Gamma Delta. Coronate classmates included Max Frankel, who would eventually win a Publisher Prize in 1973 for ruler work as editorial page rewrite man of the New York Times; Larry Grossman, who became supervisor of the Public Broadcasting Join up in 1976 and later went on to head NBC News; and Richard Wald, another commander of NBC News that Arledge would later persuade to receive over to ABC News sort a senior vice-president.
He was the only one of loftiness four who did not operate at the Columbia Daily Spectator, the daily student newspaper register Columbia University.
After receiving exceptional bachelor's degree in 1952, Arledge enrolled in graduate studies take care of Columbia's School of International stream Public Affairs. Restless with alum studies, he went looking fund a job where he could use his college degree celebrated obtained an entry-level job sought-after the DuMont Television Network.
Brave service intervened, and after Arledge's discharge, he learned the mesh had folded and he difficult to understand no job to return confess.
Personal life
Arledge was married duo times. He wed Gigi Suffragist in 1994. He is survived by her and his match up children from his first wedding, Roone, Elizabeth, Susan Weston with Patricia Loonie.
His previous spouses were Joan Heise and Ann Fowler.
Career
Contacts he made outburst DuMont paid off with copperplate stage manager's job at NBC's New York City station, WRCA (later WNBC). One of top assignments there was to benefit produce a children's puppet discover hosted by Shari Lewis. Underside 1958, the program won smart New York City Emmy stakes.
Even with that success, Arledge wanted to tinker with encoding ideas. Using the avant-garde monthly Playboy as his model, Arledge convinced his superiors at WRCA to let him film dexterous pilot of a show powder called For Men Only. To the fullest his superiors liked the prefatory, they told him WRCA could not find a place doubtful the programming schedule for walk off.
But the WRCA weatherman, Stir Hernon, who hosted the precursory episode of For Men Only, began showing the kinescope meet people around New York Provide who might want the info. One of them was clever former account executive at prestige ad agency Dancer Fitzgerald Example, Edgar J. Scherick, who similarly far as Hernon knew, was doing something at ABC.
Assistant Producer
Scherick had joined the young babe ABC television network when of course persuaded it to purchase Actions Programs, Inc. Scherick had familiar this company after leaving CBS when the network would snivel make him the head discount sports programming, choosing instead Expenditure MacPhail, a former baseball public-relations agent.
Before ABC Sports much became a formal division depose the network, Scherick and ABC programming chief Tom Moore pulled off many programming deals everywhere the most popular American fair events.
While Scherick wasn't curious in "For Men Only," stylishness recognized the talent Arledge challenging. Arledge realized ABC was influence organization he was looking attend to join.
The lack of pure formal organization would offer him the opportunity to claim true power when the network fullfledged. So, he signed on and Scherick as an assistant processor.
Several months before ABC began broadcasting NCAA college football merriment, Arledge sent Scherick a singular memo, filled with youthful energy, and television production concepts which sports broadcasts have adhered nod since.[citation needed] Previously, network sportsmanlike broadcasts had consisted of unadorned set-ups and focused on authority game itself.
The genius divest yourself of Arledge in this memo was not that he offered all over the place way to broadcast the distraction to the sports fan. Arledge recognized television had to right the sports fan to nobility game. In addition, Arledge actual that the broadcasts needed make somebody's acquaintance attract, and hold the speak to of women viewers.
At start 29 on September 17, 1960, he put his vision do reality with ABC's first NCAA college football broadcast from Brummagem, Alabama, between Alabama Crimson Surge and the Georgia Bulldogs won by Alabama, 21–6. That duplicate year, ABC began broadcasting mafficking celebrations in the fledgling American Clearing League and used the one and the same innovative techniques in their broadcasts.
Sports broadcasting has not back number the same since.[citation needed]
ABC Sports
Despite the production values he impotent to NCAA college football, Scherick wanted low-budget (as in keen broadcasting rights) sports programming focus could attract and retain apartment building audience.
He hit upon illustriousness idea of broadcasting track tell off field events sponsored by illustriousness Amateur Athletic Union. While Americans were not exactly fans indicate track and field events, Scherick figured Americans understood games.
So in January 1961, Scherick labelled Arledge into his office present-day asked him to attend character annual AAU board of governors meeting.
While he was shakiness hands, Scherick said, if dignity mood seemed right, might loosen up cut a deal to exterior AAU events on ABC? Vision seemed a tall assignment, however as Scherick said years following, "Roone was a gentile opinion I was not." Arledge came back with a deal tail ABC to broadcast all AAU events for $50,000 a day.
Next, Scherick and Arledge irrelevant up their NCAA college airfield sponsor list. They then telephoned their sponsors and said outline so many words, "Advertise gain control our new sports show future up in April, or kiss and make up about buying commercials on NCAA college football this fall." Rectitude two persuaded enough sponsors fit in advertise, though it took them to the last day hold a deadline imposed by ABC programming to do it.
Wide World of Sports suited Scherick's plans exactly. By exploiting honesty speed of jet transportation gift flexibility of videotape, Scherick was able to undercut NBC refuse CBS's advantages in broadcasting stand up for sporting events. In that days, with communications nowhere near pass for universal as they are nowadays, ABC was able to securely record events on videotape back later broadcast without worrying sky an audience finding out dignity results.
Arledge, his colleague Belch forth Howard, and Jim McKay (who left CBS for this opportunity) made up the show rapid a week-by-week basis the greatest year it was broadcast. Arledge had a genius for significance dramatic storyline that unfolded score the course of a business or event. McKay's honest amazement and reporter's bluntness gave representation show an emotional appeal dump attracted viewers who might shed tears otherwise watch a sporting service.
But more importantly from Arledge's perspective, Wide World of Sports allowed him to demonstrate empress ability as an administrator slightly well as producer. Arledge blunt not gain a formal headline as president of ABC Balls until 1968, even though Scherick left his position to fight a position of vice governor for programming at ABC careful 1964.
Arledge personally produced shout ten ABC Olympic broadcasts, begeted the primetime Monday Night Football,[citation needed] and is said touch have coined ABC's famous "The thrill of victory, and birth agony of defeat" tagline[citation needed] — although ABC insiders forged that era attribute the institution to legendary sports broadcaster Jim McKay.
He also presided because producer over the 1975 fall head over heels, Saturday Night Live with Actor Cosell, which director Don Mischer blamed on Arledge's inexperience toy the variety show genre nearby indifference to the work required.[3]
ABC News
Arledge took over as Big cheese of ABC News during put in order time that had been defined by blunders such as honourableness disastrous pairing of Barbara Walters with Harry Reasoner at justness desk of the network's dusk news.
The previous year, ABC had lured Walters away punishment NBC's Today Show for $1,000,000. Previous to that time, glory only news experience Arledge confidential was providing ABC's coverage show consideration for the tragedies during the '72 Olympics in Munich. Other top that, he had no alternative major experience in news.
Arledge's first major creation for ABC was 20/20, which premiered ploy June 1978. The first redundancy of this program fared defectively, and resulted in the discharge of the original hosts, allow Hugh Downs chosen as position new anchor beginning the in a tick week of the program, traffic the above-mentioned Barbara Walters oining Downs the following year, one day becoming Downs' co-anchor by 1981.
Shortly thereafter, Arledge reformatted birth network's evening newscast with various of the splashy graphics subside had developed at Wide Replica of Sports, and created Area News Tonight. The program was unique not only because row was anchored by three urgency, but because each of them was located in separate cities.
The lead anchor became Be direct Reynolds, who was based sediment Washington, with Max Robinson supported out of Chicago, and Putz Jennings reporting from London. Rendering program expanded to Sundays attach 1979 and Saturdays in 1985.
In 1983, Reynolds died obvious bone cancer, and Robinson expired the network, and ABC notion Jennings the sole anchor custom World News Tonight on Sep 5, 1983.
Jennings anchored representation broadcast until April 5, 2005, when he announced that good taste had been diagnosed with isolated cancer, to which Jennings would succumb on August 7, 2005.
In 1979, the U.S. Consulate in Tehran, Iran was engaged over by Iranian students, creating the Iranian Hostage Crisis. Innermost on November 4, 1979, Make yourself be heard Reynolds began anchoring a convoy of special reports entitled U.s.a.
Held Hostage. Several nights consequent, Ted Koppel, then the network's diplomatic correspondent to the U.S. State Department, took over primate anchor. The special reports stuffed to the creation of Nightline, which premiered on March 24, 1980. Koppel anchored the make known with Chris Bury, and served as its managing editor.
Koppel retained the position until coronet retirement in November 2005.
In 1981, Arledge brought David Brinkley to ABC from NBC, additional created the Sunday-morning affairs curriculum This Week for Brinkley. Brinkley would retire from the curriculum in 1996. The last greater news program created during Arledge's reign at ABC News was Primetime Live, in 1989.
Blue blood the gentry program was originally anchored exceed Sam Donaldson and Diane Longicorn.
In 1986, Arledge stepped muddled as president of ABC Actions. That same year, ABC's Universe News Tonight began a ten-year domination of the network tidings ratings. In 1998, Arledge old from ABC News. Arledge dull on December 5, 2002, attach importance to New York City, New Dynasty, at the age of 71, following a battle with endocrine cancer.
He was buried improvement Southampton Cemetery. His autobiography, Roone: A Memoir, was published posthumously in 2003.
United States Encouragement Tournament scandal
Main article: 1977 Coalesced States Boxing Championships Series
In 1976, managing editor of The Ring, Johnny Ort fabricated records female selected boxers, to elevate them, thereby securing them lucrative fights in the United States Benefaction Tournament, which was promoted induce Don King and sponsored via ABC Sports.[4][5] The scandal was uncovered by boxing writer Malcolm "Flash" Gordon and ABC underling Alex Wallau.
After Gordon arm Wallau's evidence was presented inspire Arledge the United States Help tournament was cancelled. The sin would lead to the final resignation of New York Realm Boxing Commissioner James A. Farley Jr., who had lent emperor name to the Championship fights.[4]
20/20 criticism
Scandal would erupt around Arledge again in 1985 from straight decision by Arledge, president present ABC News and Sports, deceive kill a 13-minute report deal with Marilyn Monroe possibly due reach his close ties to Ethel Kennedy.
20/20 drew criticism stranger the co-anchors of the info, Hugh Downs and Barbara Walters, and the executive producer, Av Westin. Arledge said that illegal had killed the piece owing to it was "gossip-column stuff" settle down "does not live up longing its billing." Downs, however, took issue with Arledge's judgment.
"I am upset about the road it was handled," he uttered in an interview. "I absolutely believe that this is optional extra carefully documented than anything equilibrium network did during Watergate. Uproarious lament the fact that primacy decision reflects badly on bring into being I respect and it reflects badly on me and birth broadcast."[6] Additionally, Westin said: "I don't anticipate not putting introduce on the air.
The journalism is solid. Everything in just about has two sources. We responsibility documenting that there was fine relationship between Bobby and Marilyn and Jack and Marilyn. Fastidious variety of eyewitnesses attest gap that on camera." Two show aggression aspects of the unaired account, according to an ABC stick member who has seen make a fuss, are eyewitness accounts of wiretapping of Miss Monroe's home strong Jimmy Hoffa, the Teamster emperor, that reveal meetings between and the Kennedy brothers, move accounts of a visit anticipate Monroe by Robert F.
Airport on the day of circlet death. Fred Otash, a tec who says he was authority chief wiretapper, is interviewed execute camera, and ABC staff branchs said his account was verified by three other wiretappers. Thrill addition, several people not infant the book say on camera that Monroe kept diaries have a crush on references to meetings with honesty Kennedy brothers, according to out staff member who has freaky the report.
"It set be familiar with to be a piece which would demonstrate that because have a high opinion of alleged relations between Bobby Jfk and John Kennedy and Marilyn Monroe the Presidency was compromised because organized crime was involved," he said. "Based on what has been uncovered so far-off, there was no evidence."[6] Arledge's decision to kill the make resulted in the subsequent verdict of Geraldo Rivera to vacate ABC entirely.
Rivera was a-one 20/20 correspondent but did call work on that story. Closure had been publicly critical exert a pull on Arledge's decision. Arledge, who has been both a champion near defender of Rivera, has voiced articulate he thought the story needful more work.[7]
Honors
Arledge was selected from end to end of Life magazine as one sun-up the "100 Most Important Americans of the 20th Century".
Sports Illustrated ranked him number pair in a list of "the 40 individuals who have summit significantly altered or elevated description world of sports in birth last four decades".
The NATPE "Man of the Year" Diaphragm Award was presented to him in 1971. In 1981, blooper was a recipient of honesty Silver Olympic Order.[8]
He was integrity winner of 37 Emmy Distinction and in 1990 was inducted into the Television Academy Foyer of Fame.
In 2001, loosen up was given the Pete Roselle Radio-Television Award by the In favor of Football Hall of Fame. Deception 2007, The Walt Disney Refer to posthumously named Arledge a Filmmaker Legend for his contributions get paid ABC News and ABC Exercises (now ESPN on ABC), both (along with the ABC Network) now owned by Disney.[9]
The Roone Arledge auditorium located in adherent center Alfred Lerner Hall put a stop to Columbia University, Arledge's Alma Mom, is named in his devote.
In 1997, Arledge won illustriousness Walter Cronkite Award for Fineness in Journalism.[10]
Arledge was portrayed overtake John Heard in the 2002 TNT movie Monday Night Mayhem.[11] In the 2024 film September 5, about ABC's coverage help the 1972 Munich Olympics, Arledge was portrayed by Peter Sarsgaard.
General sources
Citations
- ^Roone Arledge Biography (1931–). Retrieved on July 20, 2020.
- ^Carter, Bill (December 6, 2002). "Roone Arledge, a Force in Tube Sports and News, Dies critical remark 71". The New York Times. Retrieved August 24, 2024.
- ^Gunther, Marc (1988).
Monday Night Mayhem: Rendering Inside Story of ABC's Mon Night Football. Bill Carter (1st ed.). New York: Beech Tree Books. pp. 184–190. ISBN . OCLC 18069619.
- ^ ab"A Huge Scandal in The Ring". Time. May 2, 1977. Archived foreigner the original on April 6, 2013.
Retrieved May 25, 2010.
- ^Newfield, Jack. Only in America: Excellence Life and Crimes of Deny access to King, Harbor Electronic Publishing, Newfound York, 2003, page 115. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
- ^ abSmith, Wisecrack Bedell (October 5, 1985).
"ABC MONROE-REPORT CANCELLATION IS ARGUED". The New York Times.
- ^"Emmy-Winner Rivera crossreference Resign as ABC Investigative Reporter". Los Angeles Times. October 23, 1985.
- ^"Roone Arledge". Olympedia. Retrieved Dec 3, 2021.
- ^"Disney Legends". D23.
- ^Arizona Tide University.
"Walter Cronkite School have power over Journalism and Mass Communication". Retrieved November 23, 2016.
- ^Monday Night Devastation (2002). IMDb