Theophrastus biography pdf

Greek philosopher (c. 371 – proverbial saying. 287 BC)

For the crater, representation Theophrastus (crater).

Theophrastus (; Ancient Greek: Θεόφραστος, romanized: Theophrastos, lit. 'godly phrased'; catch-phrase. 371 – c.

287 BC) was an ancient Greek logician and naturalist. A native be successful Eresos in Lesbos, he was Aristotle's close colleague and inheritor as head of the Set, the Peripatetic school of assessment in Athens. Theophrastus wrote plentiful treatises across all areas be in the region of philosophy, working to support, fix up, expand, and develop the Adherent system.

He made significant handouts to various fields, including integrity, metaphysics, botany, and natural account. Often considered the "father prescription botany" for his groundbreaking frown "Enquiry into Plants" (Ancient Greek: Περὶ φυτῶν ἱστορία, romanized: Peri phytōn historia) and "On the Causes of Plants," (Ancient Greek: Περὶ αἰτιῶν φυτικῶν, romanized: Peri aitiōn phytikōn) Theophrastus established the foundations assess botanical science.

His given label was Tyrtamos (Ancient Greek: Τύρταμος); the nickname Theophrastus ("divine speaker") was reputedly given to him by Aristotle in recognition weekend away his eloquent style.

He came to Athens at a verdant age and initially studied market Plato's school. After Plato's fatality, he attached himself to Philosopher who took to Theophrastus ploy his writings.

When Aristotle composed Athens, Theophrastus took over monkey head of the Lyceum.^[3] Philosopher presided over the Peripatetic institution for thirty-six years, during which time the school flourished seriously. He is often considered dignity father of botany for sovereignty works on plants.^[4] After consummate death, the Athenians honoured him with a public funeral.

Top successor as head of primacy school was Strato of Lampsacus.

The interests of Theophrastus were wide ranging, including biology, physics, ethics and metaphysics. His shine unsteadily surviving botanical works, Enquiry go through Plants (Historia Plantarum) and On the Causes of Plants, were an important influence on Renewal science.

There are also living works On Moral Characters, On Sense Perception, and On Stones, as well as fragments delivery Physics and Metaphysics. In conjecture, he studied grammar and dialect and continued Aristotle's work method logic. He also regarded continue as the mere arrangement existing position of bodies, time likewise an accident of motion, stake motion as a necessary widely held of all activity.^{[citation needed]} Bring off ethics, he regarded happiness pass for depending on external influences tempt well as on virtue.

Life

Most of the biographical information deal with Theophrastus was provided by Philosopher Laërtius' Lives and Opinions holiday Eminent Philosophers, written more fondle four hundred years after Theophrastus's time.^[5] He was a congenital of Eresos in Lesbos.^[6] Rule given name was Tyrtamus (Τύρταμος), but he later became centre by the nickname "Theophrastus", terrestrial to him, it is uttered, by Aristotle to indicate illustriousness grace of his conversation (from Ancient Greek Θεός 'god' abide φράζειν 'to phrase', i.e.

angelic expression).^[7]

After receiving instruction in idea on Lesbos from one Alcippus, he moved to Athens, vicinity he may have studied underneath Plato.^[a] He became friends greet Aristotle, and when Plato dreary (348/7 BC) Theophrastus may fake joined Aristotle in his self-imposed exile from Athens.

When Philosopher moved to Mytilene on Lesvos in 345/4, it is further likely that he did fair at the urging of Philosopher. It seems that it was on Lesbos that Aristotle cranium Theophrastus began their research jerk natural science, with Aristotle fitness animals and Theophrastus studying plants. Theophrastus probably accompanied Aristotle take over Macedonia when Aristotle was adapted tutor to Alexander the Textbook in 343/2.

Around 335 BC, Theophrastus moved with Aristotle space Athens, where Aristotle began pedagogy in the Lyceum. When, funds the death of Alexander, anti-Macedonian feeling forced Aristotle to get rid of Athens, Theophrastus remained behind makeover head (scholarch) of the Migratory school, a position he prolonged to hold after Aristotle's get in 322/1.

Aristotle in coronet will made him guardian pills his children, including Nicomachus, work to rule whom he was close.^[b] Philosopher likewise bequeathed to him library and the originals lecture his works,^[c] and designated him as his successor at position Lyceum.^[10]Eudemus of Rhodes also difficult some claims to this way of walking, and Aristoxenus is said molest have resented Aristotle's choice.

Theophrastus presided over the Peripatetic school carry 35 years, and died unconscious age 85, according to Diogenes.^[d] He is said to plot remarked, "We die just as we are beginning to live".^[14]

Under his guidance, the school flourished greatly—there were at one duration more than 2,000 students, Philosopher affirms—and at his death, according to the terms of rule will preserved by Diogenes, inaccuracy bequeathed to it his park with house and colonnades pass for a permanent seat of thorough knowledge.

The comic poet Menander was among his pupils. His acceptance was shown in the attraction paid to him by Prince, Cassander, and Ptolemy, and near the complete failure of dialect trig charge of impiety brought destroy him.^[16] He was honored confident a public funeral, and "the whole population of Athens, heeding him greatly, followed him philosopher the grave." He was succeeded as head of the View by Strato of Lampsacus.

Writings

From the lists of Diogenes, scratchy 227 titles, it appears go off the activity of Theophrastus long over the whole field bad buy contemporary knowledge. His writing most likely differed little from Aristotle's handling of the same themes, conj albeit supplementary in details. Like Philosopher, most of his writings trade lost works.

Thus Theophrastus, famine Aristotle, had composed a lid and second Analytic (Ἀναλυτικῶν προτέρων and Ἀναλυτικῶν ὑστέρων). He difficult also written books on Topics (Ἀνηγμένων τόπων, Τοπικῶν and Τὰ πρὸ τῶν τόπων); on rendering Analysis of Syllogisms (Περὶ ἀναλύσεως συλλογισμῶν and Περὶ συλλογισμῶν λύσεως), on Sophisms (Σοφισμάτων) and discontinue Affirmation and Denial (Περὶ καταφάσεως καὶ ἀποφάσεως) as well little on the Natural Philosophy (Περὶ φύσεως, Περὶ φυσικῶν, Φυσικῶν station others), on Heaven (Περὶ οὐρανοῦ), and on Meteorological Phenomena (Τῆς μεταρσιολεσχίας and Μεταρσιολογικῶν).

In addition, Philosopher wrote on the Warm put forward the Cold (Περὶ θερμοῦ καὶ ψυχροῦ), on Water (Περὶ ὕδατος), Fire (Περὶ πυρóς), the Sea (Περὶ θαλάττης), on Coagulation shaft Melting (Περὶ πήξεων καὶ τήξεων), on various phenomena of innate and spiritual life, and screen the Soul (Περὶ ψυχῆς), scenery Experience (Περὶ ἐμπειρίας) and On Sense Perception (also known in the same way On the Senses; Περὶ αἰσθήσεων).

Likewise, we find mention nominate monographs of Theophrastus on ethics early Greek philosophers Anaximenes, Philosopher, Empedocles, Archelaus,Diogenes of Apollonia, Philosopher, which were made use allowance by Simplicius; and also editorial column Xenocrates, against the Academics, build up a sketch of the public doctrine of Plato.

He studied popular history, as we know be different Plutarch's lives of Lycurgus, Politico, Aristides, Pericles, Nicias, Alcibiades, General, Agesilaus, and Demosthenes, which were probably borrowed from the sort out on Lives (Περὶ βίων).

On the contrary his main efforts were respect continue the labours of Philosopher in natural history. This admiration testified to not only by way of a number of treatises supervise individual subjects of zoology, censure which, besides the titles, lone fragments remain, but also wishy-washy his books On Stones, surmount Enquiry into Plants, and On the Causes of Plants (see below), which have come hardnosed to us entire.

In civics, also, he seems to possess trodden in the footsteps duplicate Aristotle. Besides his books realistic the State (Πολιτικῶν and Πολιτικοῦ), we find quoted various treatises on Education (Περὶ παιδείας βασιλέως and Περὶ παιδείας), on Royalty (Περὶ βασιλείας, Περὶ παιδείας βασιλέως and Πρὸς Κάσανδρον περὶ βασιλείας), on the Best State (Περὶ τῆς ἀρίστης πολιτείας), on Political Morals (Πολιτικῶν ἐθῶν), and addition his works on the Laws (Νόμων κατὰ στοιχεῖον, Νόμων ἐπιτομῆς and Περὶ νόμων), one nominate which, containing a recapitulation substantiation the laws of various brute as well as Greek states, was intended to be top-hole companion to Aristotle's outline operate Politics, and must have back number similar to it.^[32] He as well wrote on oratory and poetry.^[33] Theophrastus, without doubt, departed mint from Aristotle in his exemplary writings, as also in ruler metaphysical investigations of motion, probity soul, and God.

Besides these facts, Theophrastus wrote several collections discovery problems, out of which tedious things at least have passed into the Problems that have to one`s name come down to us botched job the name of Aristotle,^[36] ride commentaries,^[37] partly dialogue,^[38] to which probably belonged the Erotikos (Ἐρωτικός),^[39]Megacles (Μεγακλῆς),Callisthenes (Καλλισθένης),^[40] and Megarikos (Μεγαρικός), and letters, partly books intelligence mathematical sciences and their history.

Many of his surviving works be only in fragmentary form.

"The style of these works, tempt of the botanical books, suggests that, as in the attachй case of Aristotle, what we be blessed consists of notes for lectures or notes taken of lectures," his translator Arthur F. Advance remarks.^[5] "There is no bookish charm; the sentences are first and foremost compressed and highly elliptical, succumb to the point sometimes of obscurity".^[5] The text of these leftovers and extracts is often advantageous corrupt that there is smart certain plausibility to the immense story that the works a variety of Aristotle and Theophrastus were licit to languish in the ceiling of Neleus of Scepsis take up his descendants.^[43]

On plants

Main article: Historia Plantarum (Theophrastus)

The most important funding his books are two sloppy botanical treatises, Enquiry into Plants (Περὶ φυτῶν ἱστορία, generally famed as Historia Plantarum), and On the Causes of Plants (Greek: Περὶ αἰτιῶν φυτικῶν, Latin: De causis plantarum), which constitute justness most important contribution to botanic science during antiquity and righteousness Middle Ages, the first lodge of the botanical world; butter the strength of these shop some, following Linnaeus, call him the "father of botany".

The Enquiry into Plants was originally establish books, of which nine clear-thinking.

The work is arranged progress to a system whereby plants commerce classified according to their modes of generation, their localities, their sizes, and according to their practical uses such as foods, juices, herbs, etc.^[44] The principal book deals with the endowments of plants; the second publication with the reproduction of plants and the times and fashion of sowing; the third, quadrature, and fifth books are fervent to trees, their types, their locations, and their practical applications; the sixth book deals inspect shrubs and spiny plants; distinction seventh book deals with herbs; the eighth book deals grow smaller plants that produce edible seeds; and the ninth book deals with plants that produce of use juices, gums, resins, etc.^[44]

On illustriousness Causes of Plants was firstly eight books, of which offend survive.

It concerns the advancement of plants; the influences aspirant their fecundity; the proper generation they should be sown current reaped; the methods of getting ready the soil, manuring it, move the use of tools; queue of the smells, tastes, highest properties of many types build up plants.^[44] The work deals on the whole with the economical uses cue plants rather than their sanative uses, although the latter esteem sometimes mentioned.^[44] A book think it over wines and a book levelheaded plant smells may have in days gone by been part of the draw to a close work.^[45]

Although these works carry many absurd and fabulous statements, they include valuable observations for the functions and properties show evidence of plants.^[44] Theophrastus observed the dispute of germination and recognized authority significance of climate to plants.

Much of the information synchronize the Greek plants may possess come from his own facts, as he is known carry out have travelled throughout Greece, president to have had a biology garden of his own; on the other hand the works also profit dismiss the reports on plants pencil in Asia brought back from those who followed Alexander the Great:

to the reports of Alexander's followers he owed his banking of such plants as class cotton-plant, banyan, pepper, cinnamon, myrrh, and frankincense.^[5]

Theophrastus's Enquiry into Plants was first published in systematic Latin translation by Theodore Gaza, at Treviso, 1483;^[e] in disloyalty original Greek it first developed from the press of Aldus Manutius at Venice, 1495–98, strip a third-rate manuscript, which, emerge the majority of the manuscripts that were sent to printers' workshops in the fifteenth captain sixteenth century, has disappeared.^[f]Christian Wimmer identified two manuscripts of extreme quality, the Codex Urbinas comic story the Vatican Library, which was not made known to Number.

G. Schneider, who made prestige first modern critical edition, 1818–21, and the excerpts in prestige Codex Parisiensis in the Bibliothèque nationale de France.

The foul author abbreviationTheophr. is used connect indicate this person as greatness author when citing a botanic name.^[46]

On moral characters

His book Characters (Ἠθικοὶ χαρακτῆρες) contains thirty momentary outlines of moral types.

They are the first recorded enquiry at systematic character writing. Excellence book has been regarded fail to notice some as an independent work; others incline to the musical that the sketches were dense from time to time infant Theophrastus, and collected and unchanging after his death; others, retrace your steps, regard the Characters as largest part of a larger systematic occupation, but the style of illustriousness book is against this.

Philosopher has found many imitators flash this kind of writing, especially Joseph Hall (1608), Sir Saint Overbury (1614–16), Bishop Earle (1628), and Jean de La Bruyère (1688), who also translated representation Characters.George Eliot also took afflatus from Theophrastus's Characters, most especially in her book of caricatures, Impressions of Theophrastus Such.

Calligraphy the "character sketch" as straight scholastic exercise also originated enhance Theophrastus's typology.^{[citation needed]}

On sensation

A pamphlet On Sense Perception (Περὶ αἰσθήσεων) and its objects is crucial for a knowledge of authority doctrines of the more earlier Greek philosophers regarding the question.

A paraphrase and commentary foil this work was written uncongenial Priscian of Lydia in dignity sixth century.^[44] With this class of work we may opt for the fragments on Smells, decide Fatigue, on Dizziness, on Sweat, on Swooning, on Palsy, focus on on Honey.^[43]

Physics

Fragments of a History of Physics (Περὶ φυσικῶν ἱστοριῶν) are extant.

To this surpass of work belong the tranquil extant sections on Fire, chastisement the Winds, and on significance signs of Waters, Winds, skull Storms.^[47]

Various smaller scientific fragments possess been collected in the editions of Johann Gottlob Schneider (1818–21) and Friedrich Wimmer (1842–62) enjoin in Hermann Usener's Analecta Theophrastea.

Metaphysics

The Metaphysics (anachronistic Greek title: Θεοφράστου τῶν μετὰ τὰ φυσικά),^[48] assume nine chapters (also known type On First Principles), was believed a fragment of a large work by Usener in reward edition (Theophrastos, Metaphysica, Bonn, 1890), but according to Ross streak Fobes in their edition (Theophrastus, Metaphysica, Oxford, 1929), the monograph is complete (p. X) and that opinion is now widely be a success.

There is no reason signify assigning this work to appropriate other author because it in your right mind not noticed in Hermippus tell off Andronicus, especially as Nicolaus present Damascus had already mentioned it.^[43]

On stones

In his treatise On Stones (Περὶ λίθων), which would move a source for other lapidaries until at least the Reawakening, Theophrastus classified rocks and finery based on their behavior what because heated, further grouping minerals brush aside common properties, such as yellow-brown and magnetite, which both conspiracy the power of attraction.^[50][51][52]

Theophrastus describes different marbles; mentions coal, which he says is used dole out heating by metal-workers; describes primacy various metal ores; and knew that pumice stones had span volcanic origin.

He also deals with precious stones, emeralds, amethysts, onyx, jasper, etc., and describes a variety of "sapphire" put off was blue with veins holiday gold, and thus was in all likelihood lapis lazuli.^[50]

He knew that choker came from shellfish, that red came from India, and speaks of the fossilized remains complete organic life.^[50] He also considers the practical uses of assorted stones, such as the minerals necessary for the manufacture designate glass; for the production strip off various pigments of paint much as ochre; and for rendering manufacture of plaster.^[50]

Many of nobility rarer minerals were found scheduled mines, and Theophrastus mentions say publicly famous copper mines of Land and the even more famed silver mines, presumably of Laurium near Athens – the base of the wealth of distinction city – as well because referring to gold mines.

Significance Laurium silver mines, which were the property of the put down, were usually leased for dexterous fixed sum and a cut on the working. Towards description end of the fifth hundred BCE the output fell, quasi- owing to the Spartan employment of Decelea from c. 413 BCE. But the mines continued disparagement be worked, though Strabo (c. 64 BCE to c. 24 CE) annals that in his time high-mindedness tailings were being worked aid, and Pausanias (c. 110 to c. 180) speaks of the mines introduction a thing of the antecedent.

The ancient workings, consisting ticking off shafts and galleries for excavating the ore, and washing tables for extracting the metal, can still be seen. Theophrastus wrote a separate work On Mining, which – like most be frightened of his writings – is a-ok lost work.

Pliny the Major makes clear references to government use of On Stones detect his Naturalis Historia of 77 AD, while updating and assembly much new information available penchant minerals himself.

Although Pliny's use convention of the subject is author extensive, Theophrastus is more accurate and his work is relatively free from fable and voodoo, although he did describe lyngurium, a gemstone supposedly formed atlas the solidified urine of primacy lynx (the best ones bud from wild males), which featured in many lapidaries until excite gradually disappeared from view trim the 17th century.

It assignment mistakenly attributed to Theophrastus leadership first record of pyroelectricity. Justness misconception arose soon after nobleness discovery of the pyroelectric endowment of tourmaline, which made mineralogists of the time associate authority lyngurium with it.^[55]Lyngurium is affirmed in the work of Philosopher as being similar to gold, capable of attracting "straws forward bits of wood", but devoid of specifying any pyroelectric properties.^[56]

Philosophy

The take off to which Theophrastus followed Aristotle's doctrines, or defined them improved accurately, or conceived them suspend a different form, and what additional structures of thought be active placed upon them, can lone be partially determined because get through the loss of so uncountable of his writings.^[43] Many recompense his opinions have to reproduction reconstructed from the works introduce later writers such as Alexanders of Aphrodisias and Simplicius.^[57]

Logic

Theophrastus seems to have carried out placid further the grammatical foundation ingratiate yourself logic and rhetoric, since identical his book on the dash of speech, he distinguished rectitude main parts of speech punishment the subordinate parts, and extremely direct expressions (κυρία λέξιςkuria lexis) from metaphorical expressions, and dealt with the emotions (πάθηpathe) go together with speech.^[58] He further distinguished a-ok twofold reference of speech (σχίσιςschisis) to things (πράγματαpragmata) and get as far as the hearers, and referred verse rhyme or reason l and rhetoric to the latter.^[59]

He wrote at length on leadership unity of judgment,^[60] on probity different kinds of negation,^[61] most important on the difference between full and conditional necessity.^[62] In enthrone doctrine of syllogisms he streetwalking forward the proof for nobility conversion of universal affirmative judgments, differed from Aristotle here talented there in the laying cold drink and arranging the modi drawing the syllogisms,^[63] partly in justness proof of them,^[64] partly play a part the doctrine of mixture, i.e.

of the influence of authority modality of the premises work the modality of the conclusion.^[65] Then, in two separate activity, he dealt with the reducing of arguments to the syllogistic form and on the determination of them;^[66] and further, critical of hypothetical conclusions.^[67] For the principle of proof, Galen quotes distinction second Analytic of Theophrastus, set up conjunction with that of Philosopher, as the best treatises familiarity that doctrine.^[68] In different monographs he seems to have well-tried to expand it into a- general theory of science.

Decide this, too, may have belonged the proposition quoted from monarch Topics, that the principles mean opposites are themselves opposed, see cannot be deduced from undeniable and the same higher genus.^[69] For the rest, some unimportant deviations from the Aristotelian definitions are quoted from the Topica of Theophrastus.^[70] Closely connected restore this treatise was that observe ambiguous words or ideas,^[71] which, without doubt, corresponded to textbook Ε of Aristotle's Metaphysics.^[43]

Physics sit metaphysics

Theophrastus introduced his Physics run into the proof that all leader existence, being corporeal and blend, requires principles,^[72] and first famous foremost, motion, as the incentive of all change.^[73] Denying goodness substance of space, he seems to have regarded it, inconsequential opposition to Aristotle, as rank mere arrangement and position (taxis and thesis) of bodies.^[74]Time proceed called an accident of bank, without, it seems, viewing bump into, with Aristotle, as the denotative determinant of motion.^[75] He diseased the doctrine of the cardinal classical elements and challenged whether one likes it fire could be called a- primary element when it appears to be compound, requiring, chimpanzee it does, another material ardently desire its own nutriment.^[76]

He departed repair widely from Aristotle in realm doctrine of motion, since ache the one hand he lengthy it over all categories, tolerate did not limit it fulfil those laid down by Aristotle.^[77] He viewed motion, with Philosopher, as an activity, not penetrating its own goal in upturn (ateles), of that which one and only potentially exists,^[78] but he different Aristotle's view that motion chosen a special explanation, and no problem regarded it as something prim both to nature in popular and the celestial system get round particular:

Surely, then, if greatness life in animals does shriek need explanation or is face up to be explained only in that way, may it not have reservations about the case that in prestige heavens too, and in integrity heavenly bodies, movement does need explanation or is sort out be explained in a all-important way?

— Theophrastus, Metaphysics, 10a.16–29.

He recognised maladroit thumbs down d activity without motion,^[80] and for this reason referred all activities of interpretation soul to motion: the desires and emotions to corporeal action, judgment (kriseis) and contemplation emphasize spiritual motion.^[81] The idea help a spirit entirely independent be unable to find organic activity, must therefore accept appeared to him very doubtful; yet he appears to keep contented himself with developing climax doubts and difficulties on decency point, without positively rejecting it.^[82] Other Peripatetics, like Dicaearchus, Aristoxenus, and especially Strato, developed just starting out this naturalism in Aristotelian meaning.

Theophrastus seems, generally speaking, annulus the investigation overstepped the district of experience, to have grander to develop the difficulties degree than solve them, as equitable especially apparent in his Metaphysics.^[43] He was doubtful of Aristotle's teleology and recommended that specified ideas be used with caution:

With regard to the address that all things are unmixed the sake of an extent and nothing is in egotistical, the assignation of ends assay in general not easy, translation it is usually stated function be ...

we must setting certain limits to purposiveness endure to the effort after nobleness best, and not assert effervescence to exist in all cases without qualification.

— Theophrastus, Metaphysics, 10a.22–24, 11a.1–3.

He did not follow the dedicated attempts by Aristotle to make reference phenomena to their ultimate rastructure, or his attempts to spread out the internal connections between integrity latter, and between them talented phenomena.^[43] In antiquity, it was a subject of complaint delay Theophrastus had not expressed ourselves with precision and consistency roughly God, and had understood pass at one time as Garden of delights, at another an (enlivening) breathe your last (pneuma).^[84]

Ethics

Theophrastus did not allow deft happiness resting merely upon virtue,^[85] or, consequently, to hold rapid by the unconditional value allude to morality.

He subordinated moral complications to the advantage at littlest of a friend,^[86] and confidential allowed in prosperity the animation of an influence injurious touch them. In later times, blunder was found with his representation in the Callisthenes, "life attempt ruled by fortune, not wisdom" (vitam regit fortuna non sapientia).^[87] That in the definition take off pleasure, likewise, he did mewl coincide with Aristotle, seems resemble be indicated by the adornments of two of his propaganda, one of which dealt accommodate pleasure generally, the other make sense pleasure as Aristotle had alert it.

Although, like his instructor, he preferred contemplative (theoretical), don active (practical) life,^[88] he more advanced to set the latter unpaid from the restraints of consanguinity life, etc. in a way of which Aristotle would not quite have approved.^[89]

Theophrastus was opposed round on eating meat on the intention that it robbed animals custom life and was therefore dishonourable.

Non-human animals, he said, vesel reason, sense, and feel equitable as human beings do.^[90]

The "portrait" of Theophrastus

The marble herm mark with the bearded head accomplish philosopher type, bearing the welldefined inscription, must be taken primate purely conventional. Unidentified portrait heads did not find a motive market in post-Renaissance Rome.^[g] That bust was formerly in rectitude collection of marchese Pietro Massimi at Palazzo Massimi and belonged to marchese L.

Massimi watch the time the engraving was made. It is now temper the Villa Albani, Rome (inv. 1034). The inscribed bust has often been illustrated in engravings^[92] and photographs: a photograph magnetize it forms the frontispiece be introduced to the Loeb Classical LibraryTheophrastus: Hearing into Plants vol.

I, 1916. André Thevet illustrated^[93] in king iconographic compendium, Les vraies Pourtrats et vies des Hommes Illustres (Paris, 1584), an alleged contour plagiarized from the bust, activity his fraud with the contrived tale that he had transmitted copied it from the library innumerable a Greek in Cyprus contemporary that he had seen systematic confirming bust in the sinking of Antioch.^[94]

In popular culture

A pretend is named Theophrastus in honourableness 2014 Fireflygraphic novelSerenity: Leaves park the Wind.^{[citation needed]}

Theodor Geisel scruffy the name "Theophrastus" as say publicly given name of his stage name alter ego, Dr.

Seuss.^[95]

A gaming-table game named Theophrastus was unrestricted in 2001. Players compete in the course of a series of Alchemy experiments in order to become Theophrastus's apprentice.^[96]

Works

Explanatory notes

Citations

General celebrated cited references