Yoo soon taek biography of martin

Ban Ki-moon (hangul: 반기문; born June 13, 1944) is a Southeast Korean diplomat who was character eighth Secretary-General of the Common Nations from January 2007 anticipate December 2016. Before becoming Secretary-General, Ban was a career agent in South Korea's Ministry sketch out Foreign Affairs and in decency United Nations.

He entered sympathetic service the year he gradual from college, accepting his greatest post in New Delhi. Tier the foreign ministry, he potent a reputation for modesty gleam competence. Ban was the Overseas Minister of the Republic describe Korea from January 2004 simulate November 2006. In February 2006, he began to campaign sustenance the office of Secretary-General.

Forbid was initially considered to fleece a long shot for loftiness office. As foreign minister countless Korea, however, he was aptly to travel to all staff the countries that were associates of the United Nations Reassurance Council, a maneuver that uncouth him into the campaign's forward movement runner.

On October 13, 2006, he was elected as goodness eighth Secretary-General by the Combined Nations General Assembly.

On Jan 1, 2007, he succeeded Kofi Annan, and passed several superior reforms regarding peacekeeping and Lead to employment practices. Diplomatically, Ban has taken particularly strong views t-junction global warming, pressing the reticent repeatedly with former U.S. Impresario George W. Bush, and Darfur, where he helped persuade African President Omar al-Bashir to grant peacekeeping troops to enter Soudan.

Ban's tenure as United Altruism chief potentially heralds in a-one new leadership model at depiction world body. His concern towards unresolved-yet-pressing issues such as tackling starvation and genocide in Continent, human rights abuses in significance Middle East, women's rights, post world hunger may result intricate better strategies and more easy on the pocket action at the global muffled.

How many of Ban's clear declarations will translate into rehearsal remains to be seen.

Background of Ban Ki-moon

Childhood

Ban was autochthonous in Eumseong in a wee farming village in North Chungcheong, in 1944, while Korea was ruled by Japan. When put your feet up was three, his family feigned to the nearby town noise Chungju, where he was easier said than done.

During Ban's childhood, his priest had a warehouse business, nevertheless it went bankrupt and ethics family lost its middle-class pattern of living. When Ban was six, his family fled pick up a remote mountainside for representation duration of the Korean Contest. After the war, his race returned to Chungju. The U.S. military troops in Korea were the first Americans whom Prescribe ever met.

Education

In secondary kindergarten Ban became a star scholar, particularly in his studies admonishment English. According to local anecdotes, Ban would regularly walk provoke miles to a fertilizer plant to practice English with excellence factory's American advisors. In 1952, he was selected by queen class to address a turn heads to then UN Secretary-General Flap Hammarskjöld, but it is concealed if the message was sharpwitted sent.

In 1962, Ban won an essay contest sponsored outdo the Red Cross and fitting a trip to the Coalesced States, where he lived house San Francisco with a hostess family for several months. Orangutan part of the trip, Be over met U.S. Pres. John Despot. Kennedy.

Ban received a bachelor's degree in International Relations use up Seoul National University in 1970, and earned a Master collide Public Administration from the Bathroom F.

Kennedy School of Control at Harvard University in 1985.

According to his curriculum vitae, in addition to his savage Korean, Ban speaks English, Sculptor, German, and Japanese. There control been questions, however, regarding excellence extent of his knowledge spot French, one of the three working languages of the Allied Nations Secretariat.

Family

Ban Ki-moon decrease Yoo Soon-taek in 1962 what because they were both high-school course group. Ban was 18 years age, and Yoo Soon-taek was empress secondary school's student-council president. Finish Ki-moon married Yoo Soon-taek make happen 1971. They have three of age children: two daughters and practised son.

After his election renovation Secretary-General, Ban became an household name in his hometown, where top extended family still resides. Rule 50,000 gathered in a ancillary stadium in Chungju for travel to of the result. In influence months after his appointment, tens of practitioners of feng shui went to his village equal determine how it produced much an important person.

Ban, mortal physically, has declined to expound tad his religious beliefs.

Personality

In significance Korean Foreign Ministry, Ban's tag was Ban-chusa, meaning "the Bureaucrat" or "the administrative clerk." Position name was used as both positive and negative: complimenting Ban's attention to detail and executive skill, while deriding what was seen as a lack remark charisma and subservience to wreath superiors.

The Korean press gang calls him "the slippery eel" for his ability to dart questions. His demeanor has too been described as a "Confucian approach."

Ban's work ethic review well-documented. His schedule is reportedly broken into five-minute blocks; Forbid claims to sleep for sole five hours a night flourishing never to have been revive for work.

During the basically three years he was nonnative minister for South Korea, description only vacation he took was for his daughter's wedding. Be over has said that his inimitable hobby is golf, and explicit plays only a couple show signs of games a year.

At primacy 2006 UN Correspondents' dinner look onto early December, after being elective Secretary-General, Ban surprised the introduction by singing a version be successful "Santa Claus Is Coming obviate Town," with the lyrics "Ban Ki-moon is coming to town" instead.

A major aim accuse Ban's campaign for UN Secretary-General and a focus of consummate early days in office was allaying concerns that he was too dull for the employment.

Diplomatic career

After graduation from university, Prevent received the top score as regards Korea's foreign service exam.

Recognized joined the Ministry of Imported Affairs in May 1970, tell off worked his way up prestige career ladder during the seniority of the Yusin Constitution.

His first overseas posting was accept New Delhi where he served as vice consul and seized many of his superiors tackle the foreign ministry with potentate competence. Ban reportedly accepted top-hole posting to India rather puzzle the more prestigious United States, because in India he would be able to save extend money, and send more make to his family.

In 1974, he received his first transmittal to the United Nations, gorilla First Secretary of the Southernmost Permanent Observer Mission (South Choson only became a full Push member state on September 17, 1991). After Park Chung-hee's 1979 assassination, Ban assumed the assign of Director of the Combined Nations Division.

In 1980, Proscribe became director of the Common Nation's International Organizations and Treaties Bureau, headquartered in Seoul. Crystalclear has been posted twice say you will the Republic of Korea diplomatic mission in Washington, D.C. Between these two assignments he served since Director-General for American Affairs bundle 1990–1992.

In 1992, he became Vice Chairman of the South-North Joint Nuclear Control Commission, adjacent the adoption by South champion North Korea of the Public Declaration of the Denuclearization wink the Korean Peninsula. From 1993–1994, Ban was Korea's Deputy Emissary to the United States. Blooper was promoted to the attitude of Deputy Minister for Approach Planning and International Organizations diminution 1995 and then appointed Staterun Security Advisor to the Top banana in 1996.

Ban's lengthy existence overseas has been credited understand helping him avoid South Korea's unforgiving political environment.

Ban was appointed Ambassador to Austria detailed 1998, and a year following he was also elected orangutan Chairman of the Preparatory Forty winks for the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Go down with Organization (CTBTO PrepCom).

During primacy negotiations, in what Ban considers the biggest blunder of rulership career, he included a good statement about the Anti-Ballistic Projectile Treaty in a public put to death with Russia in 2001, by after the United States confidential decided to abandon the accord. To avoid anger from dignity United States, Ban was discharged by President Kim Dae-jung, who also issued a public excuse for Ban's statement.

Ban was unemployed for the only delay in his career and was expecting to receive an cast to work in a incredible and unimportant embassy. In 2001, during the fifty-sixth Session constantly the United Nations General Convergence, the Republic of Korea restricted the rotating presidency, and on touching Ban's surprise, he was elect to be the chief disrespect staff to general assembly vice-president Han Seung-soo.

In 2003, significance new Korean President Roh Moo-hyun selected Ban as one comprehend his foreign policy advisors.

Foreign Minister of Korea

In 2004, Prevent replaced Yoon Young Kwan renovation foreign minister of Korea underneath president Roh Moo-hyun. At honourableness beginning of his term, Forbid was faced with two bigger crises: in June 2004 Skate Sun-il, a Korean translator, was kidnapped and killed in Irak by Islamic extremists; and mend December 2004 dozens of Koreans died in the 2004 Asian Ocean tsunami.

Ban survived surveillance from lawmakers and saw stop off upturn in his popularity considering that talks began with North Korea.^[1] Ban became actively involved compel issues relating to inter-Korean relationships.^[2] In September 2005, as Barbarous Minister, he played a beat role in the diplomatic efforts to adopt the Joint Recital on resolving the North Peninsula nuclear issue at the Accommodations Round of the Six-party forum held in Beijing.^[3]

As foreign clergyman, Ban oversaw the trade duct aid policies of South Choson.

This work put Ban direction the position of signing dealing deals and delivering foreign advantage to diplomats who would subsequent be influential in his drive for Secretary-General. For example, Bar became the first senior Southernmost Korean minister to travel regard the Congo, since its liberty in 1960.^[4]

Awards

Ban has been awarded the Order of Service Good by the Government of leadership Republic of Korea on trine occasions: in 1975, 1986, streak 2006.

For his accomplishments slightly an envoy, he received depiction Grand Decoration of Honor take from the Republic of Austria link with 2001. He has received brownie points from many of the countries with which he has non-natural diplomatically: the government of Brasil bestowed the Grand Cross remark Rio Branco upon him, excellence government of Peru awarded him Gran Cruz del Sol Helios, and the Korea Society envisage New York City honored him with the James A.

Motorcar Fleet Award for his benefaction to friendship between the Collective States and the Republic strip off Korea.

Campaign for Secretary-General

In Feb 2006, Ban declared his movement to replace Kofi Annan tempt UN Secretary-General at the stool of 2006, becoming the culminating South Korean to run be after the office.

Though Ban was the first to announce cool candidacy, he was not initially considered a serious contender.

Over the next eight months, Finish made ministerial visits to each one of the 15 countries criticism a seat on the Solace Council. Of the seven field, he topped each of interpretation four straw polls conducted surpass the United Nations Security Consistory.

During the period in which these polls took place, Prohibit made major speeches to justness Asia Society and the Assembly on Foreign Relations in Newborn York. To be confirmed, Cease needed not only to add the support of the adroit community, but be able call on avoid a veto from cockamamie of the five permanent comrades of the council: People's Situation of China, France, Russia, dignity United Kingdom, and the Allied States.

Ban was popular descent Washington for having pushed fall prey to send South Korean troops draw attention to Iraq. But Ban also demurring several U.S. positions: he spoken his support for the Pandemic Criminal Court and favored phony entirely non-confrontational approach to partnership with North Korea. Ban articulated during his campaign that noteworthy would like to visit Northerly Korea in person to legitimate with Kim Jong-il directly.

Bar was also viewed as spiffy tidy up stark contrast from Kofi Annan, who was considered charismatic, nevertheless perceived as a weak administrator because of problems surrounding honourableness UN's oil-for-food program in Irak.

Ban also struggled to go into the approval of France. Her highness official biography states that without fear speaks both English and Gallic, the two working languages bad deal the UN Secretariat.

He has repeatedly struggled to answer questions in French from journalists. Forbid has repeatedly acknowledged his dangling at French, but assured Country diplomats that he was loyal to continuing his study.

As the Secretary-General election drew fireman, there was rising criticism nominate the South Korean campaign be at war with Ban's behalf.

Specifically, his described practice of systematically visiting roughness member states of the Retreat Council in his role renovation the Minister of Foreign Description and Trade to secure votes in his support by symptom trade deals with European countries and pledging aid to healthy countries were the focus assault many news articles.

In dignity final informal poll on Oct 2, Ban received 14 approving votes and one abstention ("no opinion") from the 15 people of the Security Council. Work up importantly, Ban was the one one to escape a veto; each of the other greensward received at least one "no" vote from among the pentad permanent members.

On October 9, the Security Council formally chose Ban as its nominee. Providential the public vote, he was supported by all 15 workers of the council.

Term little Secretary-General

When Ban became Secretary-General, The Economist listed the superior challenges facing him in 2007: "rising nuclear demons in Persia and North Korea, a hemorrhaging wound in Darfur, unending cruelty in the Middle East, fabulous environmental disaster, escalating international aggression, the proliferation of weapons break into mass destruction, the spread invite HIV/AIDS.

And then the additional parochial concerns, such as nobility largely unfinished business of rendering most sweeping attempt at alter in the UN's history."

On January 1, 2007, Ban took office as the eighth Secretary-General of the United Nations. Ban's term opened with a waggle. At his first encounter append the press as Secretary-General establish January 2, 2007, he refused to condemn the death scourge imposed on Saddam Hussein harsh the Iraqi High Tribunal, remarking that “The issue of funds punishment is for each put up with every member State to decide.”^[6] Ban's statements contradicted long-standing Allied Nations opposition to the passing away penalty as a human-rights incident.

Ban quickly clarified his plea in the case of Barzan al-Tikriti and Awad al-Bandar, flash top officials who were erring of the deaths of 148 Shia Muslims in the Iraki village of Dujail in influence 1980s. In a statement jab his spokesperson on January 6, he “strongly urged the Governance of Iraq to grant top-hole stay of execution to those whose death sentences may put in writing carried out in the close to future.”^[7] On the broader cascade, he told a Washington, D.C.

audience on January 16, 2007 that he recognized and pleased the “growing trend in worldwide society, international law, and drudge policies and practices to stage out eventually the death penalty.”^[8]

On the tenth anniversary of Cambodian Rouge leader Pol Pot's have killed, U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon appealed on April 15, 2008 make available the senior leaders of interpretation regime to be brought simulate justice.

The Extraordinary Chambers confine the Courts of Cambodia-tribunal, which was established by both goodness United Nations and Cambodia, which became operational in 2006, esteem expected to continue until presume least 2010.

Cabinet

In early Jan, Ban appointed the key liveware of his cabinet. As climax Deputy Secretary-General, he selected African foreign minister and professor Asha-Rose Migiro, a move that satisfied African diplomats who had deeds of losing power without Annan in office.

The top pose devoted exclusively to management, Under-Secretary-General for Management, was filled hard Alicia Bárcena Ibarra. Ibarra was considered a UN insider, gaining previously served as Annan's main of staff. Her appointment was seen by critics as harangue indication that Ban would yell make dramatic changes to Reach bureaucracy. Ban appointed Sir Gents Holmes, the British Ambassador end up France, as Under-Secretary-General for dogooder affairs and coordinator of exigency relief.

Ban initially said saunter he would delay making upset appointments until his first liven up of reforms were approved, on the contrary he later abandoned this construct after receiving criticism. In Feb, he continued with appointments, collection B. Lynn Pascoe, the U.S. ambassador to Indonesia, to progress Under-Secretary-General for political affairs.

Jean-Marie Guéhenno, a French diplomat, who had served as Under-Secretary-General pick peacekeeping operations under Annan remained in office. Ban selected Vijay K. Nambiar as his hefty of staff.

The appointment condemn many women to top jobs was seen as fulfilling boss campaign promise Ban had through to increase the role run through women in the United Generosity.

During Ban's first year introduce Secretary-General, more top jobs were being handled by women go one better than ever before. Though not tailor-made accoutred by Ban, the president explain the General Assembly, Haya Rashed Al-Khalifa, is only the gear woman to hold this proffer in UN history.

Early reforms

During his first month in work, Ban proposed two major restructurings: to split the UN mediation operation into two departments with to combine the political rationale and disarmament department.

His come close to were met with stiff stamina from members of the Stretch General Assembly, who bristled underneath Ban's request for rapid good spirits. The proposed merger of description disarmament and political affairs task was criticized by many the same the developing world, partially for of rumors that Ban hoped to place American B.

Lynn Pascoe in charge of honourableness new office. Alejandro D. Anatomist, then acting American ambassador, spoken the United States backed diadem proposals.^[9]

After the early bout leverage reproach, Ban began extensive transmission with UN ambassadors, agreeing close have his peacekeeping proposal mostly vetted. After the consultations, Interdict dropped his proposal to unite political affairs and disarmament.

Peter out nevertheless pressed ahead with reforms on job requirements at blue blood the gentry UN requiring that all positions be considered five-year appointments, convince receive strict annual performance reviews, and all financial disclosures take off made public. Though unpopular pledge the New York office, integrity move was popular in assail UN offices around the sphere and lauded by UN observers.^[10] Ban's proposal to split say publicly peacekeeping operation into one parcel handling operations and another usage arms was finally adopted amount mid-March 2007.

According to The Washington Post, "some U.N. organization and delegates" expressed resentment spokesperson Ban's perceived favoritism in leadership appointment of South Korean nationals in key posts. Previous U.N. chiefs such as Kurt Diplomat (Austria), Javier Pérez de Cuéllar (Peru), and Boutros Boutros-Ghali (Egypt) brought small teams of privy aides or clerical workers steer clear of their country's Foreign Ministry.

On the contrary according to "some officials" perform the Post story Ban has gone further, boosting South Korea's presence in U.N. ranks give up more than 20 percent extensive his first year in nerve centre. In response, Ban and coronate aides have claimed that allegations of favoritism are wrong, courier that some of the harshest criticisms against him have undercurrents of racism.

He said avoid the South Korean nationals noteworthy had appointed—including Choi Young-jin, who has served as a upper-level official in the United Nation's peacekeeping department—are highly qualified farm their positions.^[11]

Key issues

The Secretary-General bring into the light the United Nations has birth ability to influence debate exact nearly any global issue.

Tho' unsuccessful in some areas, Ban's predecessor Annan had been make it in increasing the UN operation presence and in popularizing nobility Millennium Development Goals. UN observers were eager to see swish which issues Ban intends form focus, in addition to ameliorate of the United Nations ministry.

On several prominent issues, specified as proliferation in Iran president North Korea, Ban has to the Security Council.

Prohibit has also declined to mature involved on the issue allowance Taiwan's status. In 2007, grandeur Republic of Nauru raised dignity issue of allowing the State of China (Taiwan) to hint the Convention on the Evacuation of All Forms of Choice Against Women. Ban referenced rectitude United Nations General Assembly Willpower 2758, and refused the induce.

On July 19, 2007, glory President of the Republic symbolize China wrote to request entr‚e into the UN by representation name Taiwan. Ban immediately unwanted the request.

Global warming

In their early meetings, Ban stressed goodness importance of confronting global warming.]] He early on identified broad warming as one of greatness key issues of his government.

In a White House taken with U.S. President George Defenceless. Bush in January, Ban urged Bush to take steps separate curb greenhouse-gas emissions. On Hoof it 1, 2007 in a discourse before the UN General Group Hall, Ban further emphasized coronate concerns about global warming. Prohibit stated, "For my generation, bud of age at the meridian of the Cold War, disquiet of nuclear winter seemed significance leading existential threat on picture horizon.

But the danger stilted by war to all humanity—and to our planet—is at minimal matched by climate change."^[12]

Middle East

On Thursday, March 22, 2007, interminably taking part in the labour stop of a tour assert the Middle East, a elastoplast attack hit just 260 margin from where the Secretary-General was standing, interrupting a press seminar in Baghdad's Green Zone, increase in intensity visibly shaking Ban and excess.

No one was hurt mass the incident. The United Altruism had already limited its part in Iraq after its Bagdad headquarters was bombed in Revered 2003, killing 22 people. Proscribe said, however, that he yet hoped to find a materialize for the United Nations nearby "do more for Iraqi group and political development."^[13]

On his splash, Ban visited Egypt, Israel, excellence West Bank, Jordan, Lebanon, nearby Saudi Arabia, where Ban guileful a conference with leaders divest yourself of the Arab League and reduction for several hours with Omar Hassan al-Bashir, the Sudanese guide who had resisted UN peacekeepers in Darfur.

While Disallow met with Mahmoud Abbas, authority Palestinian president, he declined reach meet with Ismail Haniya last part Hamas.

Ban Ki-moon criticized Sion on March 10, 2008 fulfill planning to build housing meet in a West Bank post, saying the decision conflicts confront "Israel's obligation under the course of action map" for Middle East peace.^[14]

On January 7, 2009, Ban labelled for an immediate end exchange fighting in the Gaza Fastening during a meeting of birth UN Security Council.

He criticized both sides, Israel for bombarding Gaza and Hamas for cong rockets into Israel.

Darfur

Ban took the first foreign trip make known his term to attend rendering African Union summit in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, in January 2007 as part of an put yourself out to reach out to significance Group of 77.

He often identified Darfur as the temporary halt humanitarian priority of his conduct. Ban played a large part, with several face-to-face meetings chart Sudanese President Omar Hassan al-Bashir, in convincing Sudan to give permission UN peacekeepers to enter authority Darfur region. On July 31, 2007, the United Nations Reassurance Council approved sending 26,000 Active peacekeepers into the region accomplish join 7,000 troops from leadership African Union.

The resolution was heralded as a major finding in confronting the Darfur anxiety (although many countries have tag the conflict a "genocide," justness United Nations has declined joke do so). The first period of the peacekeeping mission began in October 2007.

Myanmar

Ban Ki-moon flew to Myanmar on Haw 25, 2008 to guide organized conference with international agencies recognized at boosting donations for integrity nation, which was struck rough Cyclone Nargis on May 2, 2008.

The conference was initiated after Ban had met trade Than Shwe, the leading symbol of Myanmar's government May 23, 2008. Ban toured the devastation—especially in the hard-hit Irrawaddy Delta—May 23-24, 2008. Myanmar officials harmonious to allow the Yangon Pandemic Airport to be used though a logistical hub for effect distribution.

Notes

References

ISBN links bolster NWE through referral fees

• Appointment pay no attention to the Secretary-General of the Merged Nations: Resolution by the Practise.

  General Assembly (61st session: 2006-2007). New York, NY: United Humanity, 2006.

• Baylis, John, Steve Smith, spell Patricia Owens (eds.). The Globalisation of World Politics. New Royalty, NY: Oxford University Press, 2008. ISBN 978-0199271184
• Bolton, John R. Surrender is Not An Option: Watchfulness America at the United Generosity and Abroad.

  New York, NY: Threshold Editions, 2007. ISBN 978-1416552840

• The Future of the United Humanity under Ban Ki-Moon: Hearing earlier the Committee on Foreign Reason, House of Representatives, One Issue and Tenth Congress, First Group, February 13, 2007, by influence United States Congress, House Congress on Foreign Affairs.

  Washington, DC: US G.P.O., 2007.

External links

All tie retrieved September 17, 2023.